Eye Allergy

Understanding Eye Allergies (Allergic Conjunctivitis)

Eye allergies, also known as allergic conjunctivitis, occur when the eyes react to allergens, triggering an immune response. In response, the body releases histamine, causing the eyelids and conjunctiva (the thin membrane covering the inner eyelids and the white part of the eye) to become red, swollen, itchy, watery, and irritated. Unlike bacterial or viral conjunctivitis, eye allergies are not contagious and cannot spread from person to person.

Common Symptoms of Eye Allergies

• Red, swollen, or itchy eyes
• Burning sensation or excessive tearing
• Sensitivity to light

If accompanied by nasal allergies, additional symptoms may include:

• Stuffy or itchy nose
• Sneezing
• Headache
• Itchy or sore throat
• Coughing

Causes of Eye Allergies

Eye allergies are often triggered by airborne allergens, both indoors and outdoors. Common culprits include:

• Pollen from grass, trees, and ragweed (seasonal allergies)
• Dust mites
• Pet dander
• Mold spores
• Smoke

Other non-airborne allergens can also trigger eye allergies, such as:

• Perfumes, cosmetics, or certain medications
• Preservative chemicals in lubricating eye drops
• Certain foods or insect bites/stings

Are Eye Allergies Hereditary?

Eye allergies can be genetic, meaning they can run in families. If both parents have allergies, their child is more likely to develop them compared to children with only one allergic parent.